Ισορροπία αποφυγής συγκρούσεων: μια θεμελιώδης διάσταση της θεωρίας παιγνίων
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Abstract
If the game theory were a company, its, corporate slogan would be "No man is an island". This is because the focus of game theory is interdependence, situations in which an entire group of people is affected by the choices made by every individual within that group. Game theory studies strategic situations. Most of the times, some problems are more complicated than we thought. However game theory has the answer to this seemingly complicated problem. The theory provides us with a systematic way to analyze questions such as: What are the options available for each contestant? What are the consequences of various choices? How can we model a contestant's estimate of the others knowledge? The Nations of game theory go back 150 years. The main development of the subject is more recent, however, spanning approximately the last 50 years making game theory one of the youngest disciplines within economics and mathematics. Nash equilibrium is the most popular solution concept in all of game theory and it can be motivated in a variety of ways. Since Nash equilibrium turns out to be such an important idea, it is worth asking whether we always know that one exists. This thesis studies areas of game theory. At the same time it is trying to place the framework of a new model that cares about forecasting and analyzing behaviors such as revenge, collaboration and threats. The avoiding conflicts model "E4C" (Equilibrium 4 Conflicts) suggest to take into consideration the better solution, in case that we are able to evaluate that it will be soon a conflict.