Η νομοθεσία περί αυθαίρετης δόμησης στην Ελλάδα και πιθανές οικονομικές και γεωγραφικές επιπτώσεις

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Keywords
Αυθαίρετη δόμηση ; Πολεοδομικό δίκαιο ; Δίκαιο χωροταξίας και πολεοδομίας ; Ν. 4495/2017 ; Νομιμοποίηση και τακτοποίηση αυθαιρέτων ; Πολεοδομικός σχεδιασμός ; Χωρικός σχεδιασμός ; Προστασία του περιβάλλοντος ; Βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη ; Αγορά ακινήτων ; Εμπράγματο δίκαιο ; Μεταβιβάσεις ακινήτων ; Χρήσεις γης ; Κτηματαγορά ; Οικονομική ανάλυση του δικαίου ; Χωρική ανάπτυξηAbstract
The numerous legislative efforts undertaken to address unauthorized construction in Greece highlight the complexity and enduring nature of the phenomenon, which continues to undermine the rational organization of human settlements and hinder the effective implementation of spatial and urban planning. Although the emergence of unauthorized construction was historically associated with the need to meet housing and economic demands, its persistence is primarily attributed to the tolerance of the Greek State, inadequate administrative oversight, and fragmented legislative policies.
The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of unauthorized construction from legal, economic, and geographical perspectives. In particular, it examines the conceptual framework and classification of unauthorized constructions, the causes underlying their emergence, and the historical evolution of the legislative framework, from the earliest regulatory initiatives to the current regime established by Law 4495/2017 and its subsequent amendments.
Furthermore, the study analyzes the legal implications of unauthorized constructions for real estate transactions and investigates their economic consequences, particularly with regard to the functioning of the real estate market, price formation, and the allocation of public resources. It also extends to the examination of the geographical impacts of the phenomenon, focusing on its uneven spatial distribution across Greece, the degradation of environmentally sensitive ecosystems, and its contribution to uncontrolled urban sprawl.
Methodologically, the research is based on a systematic review of the relevant literature, an analysis of the applicable legislative framework, and an examination of pertinent case law, with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted dimensions of the issue. The findings demonstrate that unauthorized construction constitutes not merely a violation of urban planning regulations but also a complex socio-economic and environmental phenomenon. Its effective management requires institutional reforms, long-term spatial and urban planning policies, and a balanced approach between individual property rights and the public interest, with a view to promoting sustainable development.


