Παράνομα αποδεικτικά μέσα και προστασία του επικοινωνιακού απορρήτου
Illegally obtained evidence and the protection of the confidentiality of communications

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Keywords
Αποδεικτικές απαγορεύσεις ; Απόρρητο επικοινωνιών ; Άρθρο 19 Συντάγματος ; Άρθρο 177 παρ. 2 ΚΠΔ ; Άρση απορρήτου ; Ν. 5002/2022 ; Αρχή αναλογικότητας ; Δίκαιη δίκη ; Παρανόμως κτηθέντα αποδεικτικά μέσα ; Λογισμικά παρακολούθησηςAbstract
This thesis examines the systematic relationship between the doctrine of evidentiary
prohibitions and the constitutional protection of the confidentiality of communications
in the contemporary Greek criminal procedural framework. The starting point is the
recognition that the search for substantive truth in criminal proceedings is not an
absolute legal value but a function teleologically bounded by the protection of
fundamental rights, with the secrecy of communications under Article 19 of the Greek
Constitution occupying a preeminent position. The study traces the normative
interaction between the principle of free judicial conviction (Article 177 (1) of the
Code of Criminal Procedure), the explicit prohibition on the use of illegally obtained
evidence (Articles 19 (3) of the Constitution and 177 (2) of the Code), and the
criminal protection of confidentiality (Article 370A of the Penal Code), with a critical
engagement of the case law of the Greek Supreme Court and the European Court of
Human Rights. Special attention is paid to the statutory exception under Article 14 of
Law 4637/2019, to the reform of the framework for lifting communication secrecy
introduced by Law 5002/2022 in the aftermath of the surveillance scandal involving
malicious spyware, and to the issues arising from the use of electronic data and
incidental findings. The methodology combines doctrinal analysis, a comparative
approach to German theory, and a critical reading of the European case law of the
ECtHR and the CJEU. The study concludes by advancing proposals for the
systematic strengthening of the protective framework and the restoration of the rule-
of-law balance between the efficiency of criminal prosecution and the core content of
the right to confidential communication.


