Ένταξη της ναυτιλίας στο EU ETS. Το ETS θα έχει τα επιθυμητά αποτελέσματα για τη μείωση του περιβαλλοντικού αποτυπώματος της ευρωπαϊκής ναυτιλίας, αλλά και την ευημερία της κοινωνίας της Ευρώπης;

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Keywords
EU-ETS ; Ναυτιλία ; Εκπομπές αερίωνAbstract
The need to address climate change has led international organizations, including the European Union, to implement a series of measures aimed at reducing the environmental footprint of the shipping industry. This thesis examined the inclusion of shipping in the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) with the aim of highlighting its impacts on the operation of the shipping sector in the EU and answering the question of whether it will achieve the desired outcomes in reducing the environmental footprint of European shipping and improving the well-being of European society. Based on the research findings, the competitiveness and profitability of the shipping sector should not be significantly affected by the inclusion of shipping in the EU ETS. However, the risk of non-compliance through the use of neighboring non-EU ports is real and should be monitored by the Commission in order to strengthen deterrent measures against non-compliance if and where necessary. There is a risk of substituting maritime transport with other modes of transportation for certain route categories and types of vessels, but overall, for the broader shipping industry, this risk currently appears limited. The price of emission allowances is the most critical factor that will determine the impact of including shipping in the EU ETS on the shipping sector. The inclusion of shipping in the system is expected to achieve its intended goal of reducing the environmental footprint of European shipping, while also contributing to the improvement of social welfare and the quality of life of European citizens. Although in the short term, emission reductions may result from operational measures, in the medium term, shipping companies will need to invest in new, more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly technologies, as well as in the use of alternative fuels beyond fossil fuels.