Πρόβλεψη των γεννήσεων / θανάτων στην Ελλάδα και οι οικονομικές επιπτώσεις της μεταβολής του πληθυσμού
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Keywords
Δημογραφία ; Δημογραφικό πρόβλημα ; Μεταβολή πληθυσμού ; Δείκτης γονιμότητας ; Προβλέψεις ; Χρονοσειρά ; Κινούμενος μέσος όρος ; Εκθετική εξομάλυνση ; Γραμμική παλινδρόμηση ; ARIMA ; Οικονομικές επιπτώσειςAbstract
In this thesis are presented and applied an amount of different methods of predicting the births and deaths of the total population of Greece. The application of these methods takes place in the period from 1956 to 2020. The data became available through the research of the physical movement of the population of the Hellenic Statistical Authority. The Greek statistical authority since May 2013 has access to the “Ariadne” system (“Ariadne” is the electronic system for registering demographic events) of the Ministry of Interior. The research is an inventory and includes all the births and deaths of the population living in Greece. Deaths of migrants or refugees that occur during the attempt to approach Greek islands from Turkish coast (drowning) are not included in the research data. First, is made a report of the demographic problem and then is presented the theoretical background of the individual forecasting methods that will be used. Furthermore, are applied and present the methods aimed at predicting births and deaths in Greece and in conclusion are analyzed the economic effects of population change and the relevant conclusions.