Εκτίμηση επικινδυνότητας εργασιών δραστηριοτήτων και λειτουργιών στη ναυτιλία (risk assessment)
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Κίνδυνος -- ΔιαχείρισηKeywords
Αξιολόγηση κινδύνωνAbstract
Shipping is a tradition – rich industry. Its safety was, and still is, largely regulated by
standards developed with the industry. These standards are historical, international and slow
– evolving. While in large part they are based on sound marine engineering and naval
architectural practices, many of these standards were developed in reaction to high – profile
accidents. Above all, the standards are prescriptive, containing many specific requirements.
A concern exists that the shipping industry has a “compliance- culture”, where safety means
complying with requirements. While individual efforts have been made in applying riskbased
and risk assessment technologies to shipping, these tend to be focused studies for a
specific purpose or of an academic nature.
IMO is encouraging flag states to make use of risk-based technology (known as Formal
Safety Assessment – FSA) and include it in their procedures and their requirements.
Moreover, through paragraph 1.2.2.2 of ISM Code, a safety management system must
include a procedure for identifying and dealing with risks.
In the tanker industry, the TMSA program, which has been developed by Oil Major
Companies, is making its appearance as a guide for further excellence in ship management.
This program is gaining ground against international regulations (e.g ISM, ISPS, ISGOTT,
STCW etc), making compliance with its suggestions mandatory.
While shipping has become much safer as a result of these regulations, high profile
accidents have continued: notably the grounding of the Exxon Valdez in 1989, and the
capsize of the Estonia with the loss of more than 850 lives in 1994.
Perhaps the most intriguing aspect of shipping safety regulation is the number of
stakeholders in the field. Taken individually, each stakeholder’s rules would not, by
themselves, be adequate to address the safety of shipping, therefore they must be examined
as a whole. It is possible that risk assessment may be able to bring together the fragmented
regulatory regime of the shipping industry. Risk assessment could also provide the rational
approach to safety needed to develop regulations that are based on control of risks, as
opposed to reactionary measures based on experience.
This paper gives the basis in the process of risk assessment, the different methods used and
the fields of application. Aimed primarily at individuals who wish to gain a global
knowledge around the process of risk assessment and aims to describe when and who shall
carry out a risk assessment, the steps to be followed and the measures to be taken.
- Key elements for the successful conducting of risk assessment are:
- Identification of risks
- Involving workers
- Systematically monitor processes and recording the results
- Cost-benefit Analysis of the protection measures
- Interdepartmental cooperation and cooperation with the ship
Postgraduate Studies Programme
ΝαυτιλίαDepartment
Σχολή Ναυτιλίας και Βιομηχανίας. Τμήμα Ναυτιλιακών ΣπουδώνNumber of pages
132Language
GreekCollections
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Διεθνές
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Διεθνές