Η εξέταση του ρόλου των dry ports

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Συνδυασμένες μεταφορές ; Dry ports ; Διαχείριση ; Ισπανία ; Κίνα ; Combined transport ; Logistics ; Partnership ; Spain ; ChinaAbstract
Due to the increasing freight volumes passing via seaports checkpoints, and increasingly reported delays in customs clearance procedure, dry port, emerged as one kind of solution to such situation, instead of extending the port scale under limited land use. The place located with dry port can solve not only the congestion embarrassment faced by connected seaport, but also can improve economic development of the hinterland by integrating the logistics network and ameliorating the access between dry port and seaport. On the other hand, it is increasingly recognized by hinterlands that seaports guide and support regional economic development, and there is a growing need to perform in hinterland locations seaports’ functions except ship loading and unloading. The interactions of these two driving forces have induced rapid development of dry ports as both a means by which seaports vie for hinterland access and a means by which hinterlands stimulate economic growth. As the transport market is becoming increasingly competitive, has lower profit margins and the pursuit of efficient and high quality services for the user seems to be the most adequate way to achieve greater participation of the most ustainable transportation modes. Dry Ports are an adequate intermodal solution to relieve traffic congestion in seaports and provide on-site service to different transportation modes that therefore can be used in the most competitive segments.
This paper provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the field with a broad overview of their concepts, their technical and technological characteristics, their infrastructure and stakeholders and finally the benefits that are caused in areas and markets. Two updated case studies with varying economic, social, institutional and enviromental realities are provised and are examined in order to check the results of their function and creation to the below regions.