Τεχνολογίες κρυπτονομισμάτων : blockchain, εφαρμογές και κοινωνικοοικονομική επίδραση
Cryptocurrency technologies : blockchain, applications and socio-economic impact
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Keywords
Blockchain ; Διαλειτουργικότητα ; Τοκενοποίηση (RWA) ; Λύσεις Layer-2 ; Κρυπτογραφία ; Αποκεντρωμένη χρηματοοικονομική (DeFi) ; Έξυπνα συμβόλαια ; ΚρυπτονομίσματαAbstract
This thesis investigates Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) and the cryptocurrency ecosystem,
approaching them not merely as innovative financial tools, but primarily as fundamental
infrastructures of modern computer science. The main objective of this study is the in-depth
technical analysis of the mechanisms that enable the decentralized transfer of value and
information in "trustless environments," completely eliminating the need for centralized trusted
intermediaries.
Initially, the structural technological background is examined, with an emphasis on the
architecture of data structures (blocks), the critical role of one-way cryptographic hash functions,
Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), and distributed consensus algorithms, such as Proof of Work
and Proof of Stake. Subsequently, the study delves into the network's evolution from simple
transaction settlement systems to fully programmable (Turing-complete) environments, analyzing
the architecture of Smart Contracts and the Tokenization of Real World Assets (RWA).
At the application level, the research focuses on Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and the
operation of Automated Market Makers (AMMs), exploring how deterministic code replaces
traditional banking services. Concurrently, the dynamics of the "Attention Economy" are analyzed
through the behavioral assessment of memecoins. The socio-economic evaluation highlights the
prospects for global financial inclusion, as well as critical cybersecurity challenges, including
software vulnerabilities (smart contract exploits, rug pulls) and the technological burden of private
key self-custody.
Through a systematic literature review, the thesis concludes with a comparative
evaluation of modern architectures based on the "Blockchain Trilemma." The final conclusions
indicate that the future sustainability, industrial scaling, and mass adoption of the ecosystem
directly depend on Layer-2 solutions (Rollups), the integration of Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs)
for privacy, and the development of secure interoperability protocols (Cross-Chain Bridges / Layer
0) alongside emerging Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs).
Department
Σχολή Τεχνολογιών Πληροφορικής και Επικοινωνιών. Τμήμα ΠληροφορικήςNumber of pages
79Language
GreekCollections
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Αναφορά Δημιουργού-Μη Εμπορική Χρήση-Όχι Παράγωγα Έργα 3.0 Ελλάδα
Αναφορά Δημιουργού-Μη Εμπορική Χρήση-Όχι Παράγωγα Έργα 3.0 Ελλάδα