E-commerce & last mile logistics

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Keywords
Logistics ; Ηλεκτρονικό εμπόριο ; Last-mile delivery ; Βιώσιμη εφοδιαστική αλυσίδα ; Ηλεκτρονικό εμπόριοAbstract
The rapid growth of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has significantly transformed supply chain operations, particularly within urban freight transport systems. The increasing demand for fast, flexible, and reliable deliveries has highlighted the last-mile delivery process as one of the most critical and challenging components of modern logistics. At the same time, the intensification of urban deliveries has generated major challenges related to traffic congestion, energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and the overall environmental impact of freight transport in cities. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the relationship between e-commerce and city logistics, with particular emphasis on the effects of e-commerce growth on urban freight distribution and last-mile delivery operations. Through an extensive literature review, the study examines the evolution of city logistics, their main functions and challenges, the changes introduced by e-commerce in supply chain structures, and the environmental implications associated with increasing urban freight movements. Furthermore, the dissertation analyzes contemporary solutions and innovative practices aimed at improving the efficiency and sustainability of urban logistics systems. These include Urban Consolidation Centers (UCCs), digital and smart logistics technologies, autonomous vehicles and drones, electric vehicles, cargo bikes, and alternative delivery models. In addition, a case study of Brussels is presented in order to explore the implementation of sustainable urban logistics practices and assess their contribution to improving last-mile delivery performance. The findings indicate that the integration of innovative technologies, the adoption of sustainable transportation solutions, and the collaboration between public authorities and private stakeholders are essential for enhancing the efficiency of urban logistics systems while reducing their environmental footprint. Consequently, sustainable city logistics emerge as a key factor in supporting the long-term development of smart cities and environmentally responsible e-commerce distribution networks.


