Οι εφαρμογές των τεχνολογιών υδρογόνου στην ενεργειακή μετάβαση της Ελλάδας : οικονομοτεχνική ανάλυση μονάδας παραγωγής πράσινου υδρογόνου
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Keywords
Πράσινο υδρογόνο ; Ανανεώσιμες πηγές ενέργειας ; Ηλεκτρόλυση ; Οικονομοτεχνική ανάλυση ; Διύλιση πετρελαίου ; Ενεργειακή μετάβαση ; Levelized cost of hydrogen ; Συγκριτική αξιολόγησηAbstract
This thesis examines the potential for the production and utilization of renewable (green) hydrogen in Greece, with a particular focus on the oil refining sector. Within the context of the European energy transition and decarbonization targets, hydrogen is increasingly recognized as a key energy carrier for reducing emissions in energy-intensive industries. Nevertheless, its economic viability remains highly uncertain, especially for large-scale industrial applications.
The study is based on a comprehensive review of hydrogen production technologies, renewable electricity supply systems, and the current European and national regulatory framework. In parallel, the structural characteristics of the Greek energy market and industrial hydrogen demand are assessed in order to establish an appropriate analytical context.
A quantitative techno-economic model is subsequently developed to estimate the cost of green hydrogen production under different electrolysis technologies (alkaline, PEM, and SOE) and alternative renewable electricity supply scenarios, including on-site photovoltaic generation and power purchase agreements (PPAs). The analysis focuses on the calculation of the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) and is complemented by sensitivity analysis to identify the key cost-driving parameters.
The results indicate that, under current market conditions, the cost of green hydrogen production in Greece remains significantly higher than that of conventional and transitional alternatives, even under favorable electricity supply scenarios. Electricity costs and electrolyzer utilization rates are found to be the dominant determinants of LCOH, while differences between electrolysis technologies play a secondary role. Moreover, regulatory requirements and certification schemes strongly influence project feasibility, rendering green hydrogen deployment largely dependent on policy support rather than market-driven competitiveness.