Η προσφυγική κρίση και το ζήτημα της εκπαίδευσης των ανήλικων προσφύγων. Συγκριτική ανάλυση των χωρών υποδοχής της Ανατολικής Μεσογείου και της Τουρκίας

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Keywords
Εκπαιδευτικές πολιτικές ; Προσφυγική κρίση ; Ανήλικοι πρόσφυγες ; Ευρωπαϊκές πολιτικές ; Χώρες υποδοχής προσφύγωνAbstract
Since the onset of the 2015 migration crisis, an unprecedented displacement of populations has occurred, with millions seeking a more secure and promising future for themselves and their offspring. Within this context, a critical issue emerges: the access to education for these children. Education, recognized as a fundamental human right by international conventions such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child, is often denied to vulnerable groups, including refugees.
This study is structured into three distinct sections, aiming for an in-depth exploration of this multifaceted issue. The first section undertakes a conceptual clarification of key terms, thereby establishing the necessary theoretical framework. The second section is dedicated to analyzing the institutional and legal frameworks governing refugee education in both Turkey and the European Union, with a specific focus on their respective educational policies. Finally, the third section employs a comparative analytical approach to investigate how Eastern Mediterranean countries and Turkey perceive this problem and the policies they implement to mitigate school absenteeism among minor refugees.
A comparative examination of educational policies across the surveyed countries revealed commonalities, despite the absence of formal collaboration between them. Specifically, a general trend towards the integration of refugees into national education systems was observed, with significant supplementary support provided by Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and other aid structures. It is noteworthy that Turkey stands as the sole country among the four that offers additional courses in culture and civilization, aiming to facilitate the more effective social integration of these individuals. The remaining countries have not adopted similar initiatives.
Furthermore, the pivotal role of the European Union (EU) is highlighted. The EU actively collaborates with and provides substantial assistance to both Turkey and the other relevant European countries through specialized educational programs and financial aid, directly benefiting national authorities and organizations operating within this domain.


