The geopolitical importance of maritime choke points and the Northern Sea Route

Master Thesis
Author
Paladinou, Georgia
Παλαδινού, Γεωργία
Date
2025-06View/ Open
Keywords
Maritime choke points ; Geopolitics ; Northern Sea RouteAbstract
This thesis explores the geopolitical and geoeconomic significance of maritime choke
points within the global energy system, analyzing their strategic role in facilitating and
potentially disrupting the flow of oil, natural gas, and critical goods across
intercontinental routes. Since more than two-thirds of the world’s petroleum and
liquefied natural gas (LNG) are transported via maritime routes, critical passages such
as the Strait of Hormuz, the Suez Canal, and the Strait of Malacca serve as essential
links in the global supply network – yet they also represent significant points of
vulnerability, exposed to risks from conflict, climate change, piracy, and infrastructure
breakdowns. The study assesses the typology of risks facing these passages and
examines the consequences of their disruption on international energy markets and
security. In parallel, it evaluates the Northern Sea Route (NSR) as a potential alternative
corridor in the context of Arctic ice melt, Russian Arctic energy development, and
shifting geopolitical alignments.


