Ανάλυση της κλινικής αποτελεσματικότητας και της οικονομικής αποδοτικότητας των θεραπευτικών προσεγγίσεων για το προχωρημένο μελάνωμα
An analysis of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the therapeutic approaches for advanced melanoma
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Αποτελεσματικότητα ; Οικονομική αποδοτικότητα ; ΜελάνωμαAbstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer, accounting for approximately 1% of all malignant tumors but accounting for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths. Current treatment approaches include surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, biochemotherapy, and targeted therapy. The timing of melanoma onset, patient health, stage (I-IV), and tumor location may determine the treatment strategy. The advent of immunotherapies has revolutionized the management of patients with advanced melanoma. A variety of new and evolving immunotherapeutic agents have yielded promising clinical responses across a spectrum of metastatic melanoma with adverse risk. Clinical trials of BRAF inhibitors have defined a new paradigm for melanoma treatment, allowing targeted therapy based on the mutational profile of the tumor.
This study is a systematic review of the existing literature on available treatments for advanced melanoma. Through a search of the PubMed database, my research interest focused on evaluating the clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of available treatment options for melanoma. Three immune checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of melanoma: ipilimumab, an anti-CTLA-4 antibody, and nivolumab and pembrolizumab, both anti-PD-1 antibodies. For BRAF activating mutations present in approximately 50% of advanced melanomas, treatment is based on the use of BRAF/MEK inhibitors, such as the combinations of dabrafenib and trametinib, encorafenib with binimetinib, and vemurafenib with cobimetinib. This literature review included the application of specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The main research questions concerned the efficacy, side effects and economic viability of the drugs. According to the results, some combination therapies, such as the nivolumab-ipilimumab combination, showed improved overall survival compared to monotherapies. In terms of clinical efficacy and economic efficiency, it seems that the nivolumab-ipilimumab combination for advanced melanoma is superior to all available treatments. Although it has many side effects, it is considered a first-line treatment for advanced, metastatic melanoma. In any case, the appropriate treatment for the patient should be individualized based on each patient's health profile, the healthcare system and the response to treatment. The study concludes that the choice of treatment for advanced melanoma should be based on a balance between efficacy, safety profile and cost-effectiveness.
Postgraduate Studies Programme
Οικονομικά και Διοίκηση της ΥγείαςDepartment
Σχολή Οικονομικών, Επιχειρηματικών και Διεθνών Σπουδών. Τμήμα Οικονομικής ΕπιστήμηςNumber of pages
147Language
GreekCollections
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Αναφορά Δημιουργού-Μη Εμπορική Χρήση-Όχι Παράγωγα Έργα 3.0 Ελλάδα
Αναφορά Δημιουργού-Μη Εμπορική Χρήση-Όχι Παράγωγα Έργα 3.0 Ελλάδα