Αξιοποίηση των εκτάσεων από την παύση λειτουργίας των ορυχείων και των Ατμοηλεκτρικών Σταθμών (ΑΗΣ) της ΔΕΗ Α.Ε. Ορυχεία και ΑΗΣ Αμυνταίου

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Keywords
Απολιγνιτοποίηση ; Δίκαιη μετάβαση ; Αποκατάσταση απολιγνιτοποιημένων περιοχών ; Ορυχεία Αμυνταίου - Λίμνη ; Ενεργειακές καλλιέργειες ; ΑμπελοκαλλιέργειεςAbstract
The current study was prepared in the context of the closure of our country's lignite mines by 2028 at the latest, with the aim of the gradual decoupling of Greece from fossil fuels and their replacement with green and clean energy. More specifically, there is an attempt to analyze ways and practices of utilization of post-lignite areas, especially in the area of Amyntaio lignite mines, with emphasis on agricultural land use. A theoretical part precedes, which contains:
• a brief presentation of the European and the National Climate Law as well as the National energy and climate plans (NECP)
• reference to the presence and exploitation of lignite in Greece and the restoration of areas by PPC S.A. where lignite mining has been completed
• analysis of best practices that have been implemented in European countries after the closure of coal mines
• presentation of the identity of the Municipality of Amyntaio, Florina with emphasis on the characteristics of the place, its people and its products as well as the PDO Amyntaio Viticultural Zone
The practical part describes the artificial lake created at the bottom of the Amyntaio lignite mine and presents data on its spatio-temporal development. The ultimate objective is to identify suitable and techno-economically viable areas within the future development area of the lake for agricultural use and their appropriate utilisation until they are flooded with water. Cultivation of aromatic and energy crops and vineyards (the latter in connection with the development of tourism in the area and the use of grape residues as biomass) has been proposed for the next 27 years.
In this effort, Greek and foreign literature and network literature have been used, as well as studies offered mainly by the Directorate of Mine Exploitation and Mining Studies of PPC SA. the Geographic Information System (GIS) was used for the creation of maps. It has become apparent that monoculture of aromatic plants yields the highest net profit, followed by vineyards, while monoculture of energy plants becomes prohibitive. However, there can be a profit from growing energy crops if combined with either aromatic or vine crops.