This thesis explores the historical trajectory and future implications of cybersecurity threats, tracing their evolution from early theoretical concepts to the modern-day landscape shaped by artificial intelligence (AI). Beginning with the foundational work of computing pioneers and the first acts of system exploration, the study outlines key developments in malware, exploitation techniques, and cyberwarfare over the decades. It emphasizes the increasing sophistication of cyber threats—from simple worms and viruses to advanced persistent threats (APTs) and AI-driven attacks. Furthermore, the research examines the dual role of AI in both exacerbating cyber threats and enhancing defense mechanisms, highlighting emerging challenges such as deepfake impersonation, autonomous malware, and the weaponization of AI. Through a comprehensive analysis of past and present trends, this study provides insights into the dynamic interplay between technology and threat evolution, underscoring the critical importance of adaptive cybersecurity strategies in the age of intelligent systems.