Παραγωγή υδρογόνου επί πλοίων για ικανοποίηση των στόχων του ΙΜΟ 2050
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Keywords
Υδρογόνο ; Διεθνής Ναυτιλιακός Οργανισμός ; ΙΜΟ ; Εκπομπές ; Διοξείδιο του άνθρακα ; CO2 ; Εναλλακτικά καύσιμα ; Ηλεκτρόλυση ; SMRAbstract
In recent years, knowing how harmful carbon emissions are to both the environment and human health, an effort has been made by European and international organizations such as the IMO to take measures for the gradual reduction and subsequent elimination of these emissions. The objective of moving towards more sustainable solutions in terms of ship-based emissions in shipping can be achieved using alternative fuels powered by renewable energy sources. For the purposes of this work, in addition to mentioning the various alternative fuels, as well as their advantages / disadvantages, an emerging fuel, hydrogen, was selected, which is an element found free in nature in abundant quantities and various compounds, mainly water, is light and with an energy density 3 times greater than traditional fuels. In the future, it will make these targets feasible and eliminate CO2 emissions. In this thesis, a description of the characteristics and different types of hydrogen is made, while the possible ways of its production are studied in detail. A comparison between them follows and then a scenario of on-board hydrogen production through electrolysis and injection of energy from renewable sources is presented, which is evaluated with the help of techno-economic criteria.