The energy and climate policy and diplomacy of the European Union under the prism of the EU energy crisis
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Keywords
European energy policy ; European climate policy ; Green Deal ; Energy crisis ; Russian-Ukrainian war ; Energy transition ; Climate crisis ; COVID-19 ; Natural gas ; Renewable energy sourcesAbstract
This study explores the development and progress of the European Union's energy policy, emphasizing in strategic initiatives and legislative frameworks from the very beginning of the EU policy development.
It reviews the EU's energy packages and strategies before the European Green Deal, detailing their contributions to energy security, sustainability, and market integration. While, moving on , the analysis dives into the Green Deal era, discussing the "Clean Energy for All Europeans" package, the European Green Deal, the European Climate Law, and the "Fit For 55" package, highlighting their roles in the EU’s climate goals.
The role of state aid as a critical tool for facilitating the energy transition is examined, including its legal basis in Article 107 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) and the Guidelines on State Aid for Climate, Environmental Protection, and Energy.
Then, the study also delves into the recent energy crisis, approaching it as a combination of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war, resulting in the REPowerEU plan as a response.
Finally, the study looks ahead, discussing the future of the EU energy transition, by focusing particularly on the roles of natural gas and the Eastern Mediterranean region, as well as on the political landscape shaping the energy policy, and every policy from now onwards.
This comprehensive analysis highlights the EU's commitment to a sustainable and secure energy future amidst evolving challenges.