Μελέτη σεναρίων ενεργειακής μετάβασης στον οικιακό τομέα των Περιφερειών Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας και Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας - Θράκης
Study of household energy transition scenarios of the Regions of Eastern Macedonia Thrace and Central Macedonia
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Keywords
DREEM ; Σενάρια ενεργειακής μετάβασης ; Μοντελοποίηση οικιακού τομέα ; Περιφέρεια Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας ; Περιφέρεια Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας - Θράκης ; Κλιματική αλλαγήAbstract
Climate change, the decease of the greenhouse effect and the extreme weather occurrences that can be caused by them, make the energy transition of our societies more than necessary. The main pillars of such a transition are an increased share of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in the energy mix and the simultaneous improvement of energy efficiency. In this context the European Union (EU) plays a major role for the achievement of the energy transition and the alleviation of climate change. The EU has formulated several directives and strategies in this direction also providing guidance to its Member States. Given the latter, Greece has also entered that process, taking measures in accordance with certain energy and climate targets set in the National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) and the 2050 Long-Term Strategy.
These targets are related to the process of energy transition of the most consuming sectors, namely the transport sector, the industry, the building sector and the power sector. The building sector, and especially the residential which consumes around 25% of the final energy consumption in Greece, is considered more than critical for the achievement of such a transition.
Building on the latter and based on the targets that the NECP and the 2050 Long-Term Strategy have set, this thesis focuses on the study of energy transition scenarios on the residential sector of the Regions of Central Macedonia and Eastern Macedonia-Thrace for the period 2021-2040. In order to achieve the transition, it is necessary to know the consumption profiles and then model the energy demand of the residential sector of the above regions. This is implemented by using the high-resolution computational tool "DREEM" ("Dynamic high-Resolution dEmand-sidE Management"), which is parameterized using research and demographic data of the Greek territory and the regions under consideration in particular, estimating with high accuracy the household energy demand per fuel.
The examined scenarios show that by electrifying the power generation mix, converting the existing heating technologies into more efficient and less polluting ones, and renovating older buildings, the regions' consumers, and the region itself can benefit by saving energy and reducing its carbon footprint. Finally, the results analysis and the conclusions drawn may be useful to competent bodies and stakeholders for the development of energy transition strategies and policy-making.