Μετάβαση στην κυκλική οικονομία: το πρόβλημα απόσυρσης των ανεμογεννητριών
Transition to the circular economy: the problem of wind turbines' decommissioning
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Keywords
Απόσυρση ανεμογεννητριών ; Ανάλυση κύκλου ζωής ; Περιβάλλουσα ανάλυση δεδομένων ; LCA + DEAAbstract
Global wind energy share in Renewable Energy Sources (RES) is growing rapidly with the total installed capacity have been increased from 7,5GW in 1997 to 733GW in 2020. Today, 34,000 wind turbines in Europe are at least 15 years old and the interest on the optimal management (both environmental and cost effective) of the wind turbines during decommissioning phase is increasing. The main materials found in a commercial wind turbine are steel, iron, copper, aluminum, and composites with the waste treatment of the latest being the most challenging. In this thesis, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) are jointly applied to evaluate different disposal scenarios for the end of life (EoL) phase of a typical wind turbine in Greece, considering the environmental impacts and corresponding costs of the overall phase. The use of DEA methodology is employed to identify the efficient and inefficient waste management methods and define targets for the inefficient EoL alternatives to become efficient. Based on DEA results, the actions that should be taken to achieve such targets are analyzed and specific policy measures and strategies are proposed.