Η πρόληψη στην Ελλάδα. - Prevention in Greece.
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Προληπτική ιατρική ; Πολιτική υγείας ; Αγωγή υγείαςAbstract
The importance of prevention is indisputable. The main objective of prevention is the recantation or interruption of pathogenic mechanism, whenever that is possible during the process which leads from the exposure of organism to risk factors up to the appearance of disease symptoms . The prevention is distinguished in primary, secondary, tertiary. The primary prevention includes the preventive actions that aim to stop the beginning of the pathogenetic processes that can lead finally to the clinical evident, illness and to the death of individual. It includes actions with which are achieved the neutralisation of causative factors of illness the evasion of report of individual in the causative pathogenic factors and the strengthening of sensitive individuals against the causative pathogenic factors. The secondary prevention is reported in the preventive metres which are applied when already have begun the pathogenic processes and aim in the preventive diagnosis of deseases in the earlier stage aiming at the better forecast. The tertiary prevention, concerns in the metres that are applied so that are ensured the prevention of disability, the re-establishment of damage or even the evasion of relapses of already installed illness. The purpose of the present study is to explore how much informed people are or think they are about prevention of illness, the main risk factors, preventive control, smoking, alcohol, nutrition and drugs , from where they collect mainly their information in order to realise existing voids and to formulate most suitable proposals for prevention. In order to achieve those goals the methods, which were used was also a specific questionnaire consisting 22 questions ,that concerned the right information on the risk factors and the detection control, which was shared randomly and completed by 80 individuals. The main results of this research were that people think the information on prevention is not considered sufficient, that main source of briefing on prevention is television and that exist necessity for the correct planning and application of educational programs in schools for the prevention. The conclusions of present study are assembled as follows: the target- people know that cardiovascular deseases and cancer are the main causes of death in Greece. As risk factors for these deseases they reported nutrition, smoking, heredity, the use alcohol and the use of narcotic substances. As main source of briefing is considered the television-radio. The 77,50% of the peole we asked do not consider that exists sufficient briefing on therisk factors. Nevertheless the 77,5% of the peole we asked believe that do not exist sufficient briefing on right nutrition and consumption alcohol and the 68,8% for the use of narcotics. On the contrary for smoking they all believe that exists sufficient briefing on the dangers of smoking. The 100% of the peole we asked believe that is a necessity to apply health educational programms in schools for the nutrition, smoking, alcohol and the use of narcotic substances and for the preventive control. The briefing for the risk factors and for the preventive control is considered too much important in percentage 81,25% and very important in percentage 18,75%. The same percentages are also in effect for the importance of application for thehealth educational programs in schools. Even though it seems to work well abroad Greece has not a unified policy concerning the prevention .In order to face effectively the risk factors , approaches of public policy that will involve a lot of sectors (briefing, educational programs, etc.). should be adopted.