Στρατηγική για την κυβερνοασφάλεια : πώς η Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση αντιμετωπίζει τις κυβερνοαπειλές;

Κουτελλάς, Ιωάννης

Master Thesis

Author

Κουτελλάς, Ιωάννης

Date

2025-10

Abstract

This thesis examines the European cybersecurity strategy through a comprehensive analysis of regulatory frameworks, institutional mechanisms, geopolitical dimensions, and technological challenges shaping the European Union's digital resilience. Four central research questions are explored: achieving a high level of cybersecurity through the NIS2-CRA-CSOA triad, the evolving role of ENISA as a central coordinator, EU-NATO cooperation in cyberspace, and the integration of emerging technologies. The methodological approach combines Qualitative Document Analysis, Thematic Analysis, and Comparative Policy Analysis, enhanced by triangulation of sources and theoretical frameworks. The findings reveal that the EU has developed one of the most ambitious regulatory frameworks globally, with NIS2 expanding the scope to critical sectors, the Cyber Resilience Act establishing pioneering requirements for products with digital elements, and the Cyber Solidarity Act introducing proactive detection mechanisms. ENISA has evolved into an operational pillar with expanded competencies, while EU-NATO cooperation has been institutionalized through the Structured Dialogue on Cyber. However, the research identifies significant challenges: heterogeneous national transpositions of NIS2 creating fragmentation, a cybersecurity skills gap, technological dependencies on non-European providers, emerging threats from Artificial Intelligence and 5G, and insufficient public-private cooperation. The thesis concludes that successful transition from legislative ambition to operational reality requires addressing challenges of harmonization, capabilities, and geopolitical balance. Future research should focus on empirical evaluation of NIS2 effectiveness and developing frameworks for post-quantum cryptography.

Postgraduate Studies Programme

Διεθνείς και Ευρωπαϊκές Σπουδές

Department

Σχολή Οικονομικών, Επιχειρηματικών και Διεθνών Σπουδών. Τμήμα Διεθνών και Ευρωπαϊκών Σπουδών

Number of pages

Language

Greek

URI

https://dione.lib.unipi.gr/xmlui/handle/unipi/18965

Collections

Τμήμα Διεθνών και Ευρωπαϊκών Σπουδών

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Αναφορά Δημιουργού-Μη Εμπορική Χρήση-Όχι Παράγωγα Έργα 3.0 Ελλάδα