Η εφαρμογή του διαδυκτίου των πραγμάτων (IoT) στον τομέα της υγείας
The application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the healthcare sector
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Keywords
Διαδίκτυο των Πραγμάτων (IoT) ; Διαδίκτυο Ιατρικών Πραγμάτων (IoMT) ; Αρχιτεκτονική συστημάτων IoT ; Τεχνητή νοημοσύνη ; Υγειονομική περίθαλψη ; Απομακρυσμένη παρακολούθηση ασθενών ; Ασφάλεια δεδομένων ; Προστασία δεδομένωνAbstract
This paper examines in depth the Internet of Things and how it is applied in the healthcare sector, with a main focus on the Internet of Medical Things technology. The aim was to analyze its mode of operation, its architecture, its fundamental characteristics and its applications in the critical healthcare sector. A comprehensive and evidence-based approach was taken in an attempt to demonstrate how the IoT is transforming the connection that exists between human, machine and medical information.
First, the theoretical basis of the IoT was laid, which included definitions from the scientific and technological community and its historical development. Emphasis was given to the system architecture, both in the basic three-layer model (perception, network, applications) and in more complex multi-layer models such as the five-layer model. Key roles at each level were given and vertical functions, including security, device management and interoperability, were described, which are critical for the execution of IoMT in healthcare settings.
It then proceeds to highlight the key features of IoT, with a strong emphasis on issues such as connectivity, heterogeneity, device autonomy and the use of artificial intelligence. The applications of IoT in various sectors of society and the economy in general are also described to demonstrate its scope and radical contribution to everyday life.
The main focus of the study was the application of IoT in the healthcare sector. The current situation, prospects and opportunities that open up, as well as some use cases, were analyzed. A case study was developed at a hospital in the United Kingdom where a pilot implementation of a patient monitoring system using wearable sensors was carried out. The analysis of this application highlights the benefits and challenges and technical requirements for integrating IoMT systems into a realistic healthcare environment.
The paper concludes that IoT can significantly change diagnostic accuracy, chronic disease management and the efficiency of healthcare delivery. To make this possible, however, a systemic approach is required, investments in infrastructure and human resources, as well as legal and ethical considerations for the protection of personal data. This therefore means that IoMT should not be a technological tool, but a vehicle for the development of a smarter, fairer and more human-centric healthcare system.