Εκτίμηση της έντασης των εκπομπών αερίων του θερμοκηπίου σε επίπεδο κύκλου ζωής από εναλλακτικά ναυτιλιακά καύσιμα : κατευθυντήριες οδηγίες του ΙΜΟ και εφαρμογή του μοντέλου GREET

View/ Open
Keywords
Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) ; Marine alternative fuels ; Greenhouse gas emissions ; IMO guidelinesAbstract
This thesis examines the new regulatory framework of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for assessing the main greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated by shipping on a life-cycle basis. In particular, the study records the IMO legislative framework regarding CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emissions, expressed in g/MJ, taking into account both the stage from fuel production up to its storage on board (Well-to-Tank – WtT), and the stage from storage and distribution of the fuel on board to its combustion in the engines for the production of power transmitted to the ship’s propellers (Tank-to-Wake – TtW). The aim is to describe the regulatory framework for evaluating the total GHG emissions on a Well-to-Wake (WtW) basis.
For the extraction of data, the GREET (Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies) model, version 2024, developed by Argonne National Laboratory, was used. The study focuses on fuels such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), methanol, biodiesel, e-methanol, ammonia and hydrogen, comparing their emission intensity on the basis of a uniform functional energy unit. The results highlight significant variations among the fuels, while offering critical insights with regard to technical feasibility, regulatory compliance, and future challenges for the transition towards low- or zero-carbon fuels in shipping. The thesis aims to support informed decision-making for a more sustainable maritime economy.


