This thesis explores the concept of energy security within the context of Eastern Mediterranean region with a focus on the roles played by key regional actors in shaping the energy landscape. The primary objective is to examine how the discoveries in Eastern Mediterranean affected the geopolitical relations in the region, what are the primary energy resources in the area and why they are significant on a global and regional scale, what can be learned from the energy strategies of the involved countries such as Cyprus, Egypt, Israel, Greece, and Turkey. For the purpose of this thesis a qualitative research method was used, by reviewing case studies, this research integrates a theoretical review of energy security –its definition, history, and measurement- in conjunction with analysis of the above countries and their ownership of natural gas reserves with their possibilities of being an energy hub offering energy security. Findings of this thesis indicate that natural gas reserves in Eastern Mediterranean present significant economic and geopolitical opportunities, however the ability of states to benefit from these opportunities is closely linked to their willingness to cooperate and engage in strategic partnerships. The thesis concludes with the importance of energy governance framework that would enhance energy security and interdependence, serve as a catalyst for broader economic development and geopolitical stability in the Eastern Mediterranean. Lastly, this thesis offers recommendations for further research to support long-term regional collaboration and policy planning.