The risks in Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) for utilities & corporate offtakers

Master Thesis
Συγγραφέας
Gavriil, Evangelos
Γαβριήλ, Ευάγγελος
Ημερομηνία
2025-01-17Επιβλέπων
Roukanas, SpyridonΡουκανάς, Σπυρίδων
Προβολή/ Άνοιγμα
Λέξεις κλειδιά
Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) ; Energy sector. ; Power projectsΠερίληψη
A Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) is a key contract underpinning any independent power generation
initiative, particularly in developing markets. It establishes a critical connection between the power
producer (project company) and the buyer (offtaker), providing the foundation for sponsors,
developers, and lenders to confidently invest in the project by securing a steady revenue stream over
its lifespan. The objective of this master’s thesis is to provide an overview of the context and key
elements involved in drafting a PPA, with a focus on the most crucial clauses. Additionally, it delves
into the negotiation process for PPAs in both small- and large-scale projects, while offering updated
guidance on emerging topics such as commercial and industrial PPAs, as well as renewable PPAs.
Specifically:
In chapter 1 is referred about the drivers for developing a renewable energy strategy and the ways that
this can be implemented in various manners.
In chapter 2, there is a reference about the origins of PPAs, what they are and since when they are
being implemented. In addition, the common PPA and PPA price structures are analyzed. At the end
of the chapter the drivers and the benefits of corporate renewable PPAs are being referred.
In chapter 3, there is reference related to Risks and the Challenges that offtakes and developers may
face during the PPA crafting. Specific Mitigation measures and actions are proposed for each case.
In chapter 4, there is a short reference to the financing of the power projects and the significance of it.
Finally, in chapter 5 predictions are expressed about the past year and for the following year based on
research that have been made.