The aim of the study is to investigate methods and tools for achieving sustainability in the mobility sector, addressing associated challenges and examining the geopolitical influences on this transformation. The research methodology involves a comprehensive review of international literature. The study focuses on the multifaceted challenges and strategies associated with achieving sustainable mobility in the broader context of the mobility sector, encompassing land, air, and sea transport, as well as urban mobility. Recognizing the environmental impact of the mobility industry, the paper explores avenues for making transportation more eco-friendly while enhancing efficiency, service quality, and accessibility. The pursuit of sustainability involves diverse approaches, including the adoption of alternative fuels, changes in travel patterns, and the integration of innovative technologies to reduce environmental footprints. However, the path to sustainable mobility is laden with challenges such as financial constraints, consumer attitudes, and the intricate environmental implications of renewable energy technologies. Social challenges related to accessibility and inclusivity, the complexity of the transport sector, and debates surrounding the concept of sustainability further complicate the issue. The study delves into the geopolitical dimensions of sustainable mobility, examining the roles of renewable energy, potential conflicts over critical materials, and the emergence of new players in the energy sector. Urban mobility, a crucial component of the broader mobility sector, receives special attention. The study explores sustainable and intelligent mobility systems in the context of urban development, emphasizing efficient, green, and accessible networks, digitalization, and intelligent transport management systems. Many cities globally are already adopting strategies to transform urban transport systems sustainably.