This dissertation examines how energy shapes Russia's foreign policy and further instigates into the relationships between China and the US with Russia. The aim is to bridge a literature gap through a comparative lens by blending historical pieces with current events. This offers significant and timely insight into how energy affects all fields, from power to politics. This study begins by tracing the historical evolution of Russia's energy policies. We move on to assess the factors that shape Russia's energy policy. Firstly, we dive into Russia's energy relations with China, by navigating historical contexts, cooperation landmarks, and challenges. Later, we explore the Russian – United States energy relations, covering geopolitical rivalries, the turbulence caused by the Shale Revolution, and the impact of US sanctions. We conclude with a comparative analysis that showcases the similarities and differences in the energy transactions that Russia makes with China and the United States. Could energy developments on the other side of the Atlantic have a negative impact on Russia? These and many other questions will be answered in this paper.