Διερεύνηση περιπτώσεων antitrust στις ψηφιακές αγορές
Investigating antitrust cases in digital markets
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Keywords
Antitrust ; Digital markets ; Ψηφιακές αγορές ; Ανταγωνισμός ; Τραστ ; Αντιτράστ ; Competition ; Ψηφιακή αγοράAbstract
This master thesis deals with the investigation of antitrust cases in digital markets. The term 'trust' usually refers to a particular type of economic association where a number of businesses merge together to create a single business entity with significant market power. The increase of this power can create distortions in the market competition for this and it is necessary for the state to set up special commissions for the regulation of this competition.
In recent decades, companies in the digital technology industry have gained significant market power thanks to the advancement of this technology and the digitization of a large part of their activities. At times, some of these companies have faced legal action for policies or practices deemed to distort competition. This work examined six antitrust case studies of four companies in the context of EU legislation: Google (2017, 2018, 2019) on the practice of self-preferencing, exclusivity and tying practices and abuse of market power of respectively, Apple (2020) on self-preferencing practices and exclusivity/price discrimination policies for its products and services, Amazon (2020) for its practices of accessing non-public data and of preferential treatment of its services to the detriment of its competitors, and Facebook (2021) for its practice of using data from sellers who advertise their products on Facebook Marketplace. All the studies find a significant deviation of the companies from the EU antitrust rules.