Οικονομικές και περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις καθώς και θέματα ασφαλείας από τη δραστηριοποίηση της ναυτιλίας στο Βόρειο Πέρασμα του Αρκτικού κύκλου - Η Σύμβαση 'Polar Code' του IMO
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Keywords
Βόρειο Πέρασμα ; Αρκτική ; Ναυσιπλοΐα ; Πολικός ΚώδικαςAbstract
The North Sea Route (NSR) is the shortest ocean road from the European ports of Russia to the Far East and competes directly with the Suez Canal as it cuts the time of the Asia-Europe line by almost half. The biggest problem in NSR is the ice, which covers the entire route over the longest period of time. Nuclear icebreakers are used to solve this problem. Only 1.5 to 2 months a year the passage is free of ice. More and more companies year after year show interest in the North Path and for the faster transfer of their cargoes.
In this Master Thesis all the impacts (economic, environmental, policy) of shipping on the North Path are analyzed and described. In particular, focuses on the first tanker that crossed the Arctic without icebreaker. It is the Russian tanker Christophe de Margerie, which made the historic success on August 17, 2017. A detailed description of both the route and the changes that will make similar trips in the future is provided.