New trends in terrorism : the use of social media, cyber-terrorism, the role of open-source intelligence and the cases of rightwing extremism and lone wolf terrorism
| dc.contributor.advisor | Μπόση, Μαρία | |
| dc.contributor.author | Καραδήμα, Σοφία | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-12-20T10:17:57Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2016-12-20T10:17:57Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://dione.lib.unipi.gr/xmlui/handle/unipi/9315 | |
| dc.format.extent | 159 | el |
| dc.language.iso | en | el |
| dc.publisher | Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς | el |
| dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Διεθνές | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | * |
| dc.title | New trends in terrorism : the use of social media, cyber-terrorism, the role of open-source intelligence and the cases of rightwing extremism and lone wolf terrorism | el |
| dc.type | Master Thesis | el |
| dc.contributor.department | Σχολή Οικονομικών, Επιχειρηματικών και Διεθνών Σπουδών. Τμήμα Διεθνών και Ευρωπαϊκών Σπουδών | el |
| dc.description.abstractEN | Terrorism has existed almost as long as humanity, and has appeared in various forms, creating new and evolving trends, making the definition of terrorism even more difficult to define. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the new trends in terrorism after the terrorist attacks of 9/11, as well as attempting to find the factors that facilitate the emergence and/or recurrence of trends in terrorism, by examining the related Literature, creating case studies and providing supporting evidence from material composed by the terrorist organizations, such as the electronic magazines of ISIS and al-Qaeda. The thesis, at first provides a theoretical framework, that aims to assist in the comprehension of the trends in terrorism under examination. The trends examined seem to have a common thread, technology. At first, the use of social media by terrorists. Terrorists rely on media to pass their message and demands, as well as to attract members and donations, Presently, social media provide a unique opportunity for terrorists to spread their propaganda message and material, radicalize, recruit, and obtain funding, without relying on traditional media to do so. Moreover, terrorists organizations using online capabilities and social media are increasing and becoming more sophisticated, such as in the case of al-Qaeda, ISIS, Boko Haram and al-Shabaab, whose (social) media themes, activities and other significant information regarding their actions are presented as case studies. Also, cyber-terrorism, is examined as it is often being referred to and thought to be a trend, even though there seems to be no proof of its occurrence yet, despite the technological advancements and cyber-related skills of terrorists. Moreover, the role of Open-source Intelligence is examined since open sources, could be extremely helpful for states and Intelligence agencies, in the fight against terrorism as well as for terrorists which could freely utilize the often, sensitive information provided in open sources to their advantage. In addition, right-wing extremism, which also takes various forms and although may not be a new trend, seems to be rising, claiming to be reacting to what they perceive as unjust and to be against their beliefs, yet also by causing injustices and brutalities, and also use cyber-based capabilities. Moreover, lone wolf terrorism, is also examined as being a trend, since it is widely used by governments and media, however, it presents certain flaws, and it is too neither clearly defined, nor widely accepted as a term and concept. Lastly, Andrers Behring Breivik, is examined as a case study, since his actions, are considered to be right-wing and of counter-jihad ideology and is considered an example of a lone wolf. The thesis comes to the conclusions that not all considered trends are indeed so in reality, however some factors that facilitate trends in terrorism are strategies, methods and tactics, that have been successful in the past, the adaptability terrorist when faced with changes and hurdles. Also, competitiveness between terrorist organizations may cause them to find more innovative approaches to stand out and attract more recruits, donations and media attention, and also technology is a significant factor, since cyberspace has become an important area for terrorist activities, even if they have not fully explored its potential. | el |
| dc.contributor.master | Διεθνείς και Ευρωπαϊκές Σπουδές | el |
| dc.subject.keyword | Terrorism | el |
| dc.subject.keyword | Violence | el |
| dc.subject.keyword | Social media | el |
| dc.subject.keyword | Cyber terrorism | el |
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Τμήμα Διεθνών και Ευρωπαϊκών Σπουδών
Department Of International And European Studies
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Διεθνές
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Διεθνές