Ανάλυσης κόστους - οφέλους από την εφαρμογή του Vessel General Permit (VGP) στα πλοία που δραστηριοποιούνται στις Η.Π.Α
Subject
Θάλασσα -- Μόλυνση ; Θάλασσα -- Μόλυνση -- Δίκαιο και νομοθεσία ; Περιβαλλοντική πολιτική -- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες Αμερικής ; Προστασία του θαλάσσιου περιβάλλοντος ; Marine pollution ; Marine pollution -- Law and legislation ; Environmental policy -- United States ; Ships -- Waste disposal ; Waste disposal in the ocean ; Environmental policy -- United States -- Cost effectiveness ; Water -- Pollution -- United States -- Cost effectivenessAbstract
This dissertation / study analyzes the contents of the Vessel General Permit 2013, finalized by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, regarding incidental discharges of specific categories of vessels, calling the United States inland waters. VGP 2013 defines general effluent limits applicable to 27 specific discharge categories that may occur during the normal operation of the vessel, as well as relevant monitoring and inspection. The dissertation presents the costs and benefits incurred from the implementation of the permit's requirements. An economic analysis was conducted to evaluate the costs that may incur by complying with the additional requirements of the VGP 2013, for the vessel's ship-owners / managers. The benefit analysis describes the expected benefits to be derived from the implementation of the VGP 2013 requirements for the United States, as well as the vessel as a unit. Finally, the survey deals with the costs occurred arising from the implementation of the permit by the Greek shipping companies and the estimated benefits from the compliance with the new requirements on board the vessel, in connection to the economic size and the total compliance costs of their companies.