Ο Δρόμος του Μεταξιού στον Αρκτικό Ωκεανό, οφέλη και επιπτώσεις
The Silk Route in the Arctic Ocean, benefits and impacts
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Keywords
Αρκτικός Δρόμος του Μεταξιού ; Αρκτική ; Βόρεια Θαλάσσια Διαδρομή ; Γεωπολιτική ; Διεθνής ναυτιλία ; Βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη ; Polar Silk Road ; Northern Sea Route ; Geopolitics ; International shipping ; Sustainable developmentAbstract
This thesis explores the strategic importance of the Arctic within the context of global geopolitical and maritime developments, with a focus on the emerging “Polar Silk Road.” It provides a detailed comparative analysis of the strategies adopted by four key actors - China, Russia, the United States/NATO, and the European Union - across economic, political-military, and socio-environmental dimensions. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of maritime transport, both as a projection of power and as a sector undergoing transformation due to the gradual melting of Arctic ice. The study also includes a dedicated chapter on shipping, assessing the implications of new Arctic maritime routes, as well as an environmental chapter addressing the risks posed by increasing human activity in the region. Finally, the thesis proposes the need for a new multilateral governance framework in the Arctic, based on sustainability, cooperation, and legal clarity. The research underscores the Arctic as a critical intersection of trade, energy, environmental security, and strategic competition.


