Nuclear energy and energy security in the European Union : strategic imperatives and policy gaps
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Keywords
Nuclear energy ; Energy security ; European Union ; Energy governance ; DecarbonizationAbstract
This dissertation examines how nuclear energy can contribute to strengthening the energy security of the European Union as a strategic alternative to fossil-fuel energy, and its development as a policy, regulatory and institutional constraint that limits its successful integration at the EU-level. Based on a qualitative, interpretivist research design, the present study integrates a literature review and policy analysis and conducted comparative case studies of France, Germany, and Poland to represent divergent national nuclear paths.
The results show that nuclear power can be used as a source of energy security in terms of stability of supply, decarbonization, and the minimization of the reliance on the imports of fossil fuels. Nevertheless, its strategic value is very contingent and moderated by societal acceptability, institutional capability and political legitimacy. The review also shows that EU nuclear governance has remained fragmented due to the national sovereignty regarding energy decisions and the imbalance in regulatory and financial frameworks.
The paper draws a conclusion that nuclear energy can contribute to energy security in some countries, but its integration into a coherent EU-wide strategy is limited by fragmented governance.