Οι γεωπολιτικές επιπτώσεις του Belt and Road Initiative

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Abstract
This paper examines the geopolitical implications of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) within the context of the evolving international system. Drawing on theoretical frameworks from International Relations and geopolitical analysis, the study examines the BRI as a strategic framework that goes beyond infrastructure development, acting as a catalyst for reshaping connectivity, influence, and power dynamics across regions. The research highlights the role of transport corridors, ports, logistics hubs, and financial arrangements as instruments of relational and geoeconomic power, embedding participating states in asymmetric networks centered on Chinese strategic interests. The results suggest that the BRI is contributing to changing the global order in stages, accelerating the transition from a predominantly Western-based system to one that is more fragmented and multipolar. Particular emphasis is placed on the responses of major global players, notably the European Union and the United States. Their approaches highlight the contradictions between economic cooperation, strategic autonomy and growing competition among major powers. The report also highlights some of the program’s main problems, such as concerns about economic sustainability, security policies and threats, environmental pressures and growing geopolitical competition. According to this study, the BRI should be understood as a dynamic and contested process of geopolitical transformation rather than a static grand strategy, with significant implications for global governance and international power relations.


