Ενέργεια και περιβάλλον : λιμάνια μηδενικών ρύπων και η αξιοποίηση των ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας
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Πράσινα λιμάνια ; Ανανεώσιμες πηγές ενέργειας ; Περιβάλλον ; ΠροστασίαAbstract
The present essay aims to examine whether European ports are green and what actions can be taken in this direction. Firstly, a reference is made to the modern reality and the environmental challenges that the shipping sector has been facing in recent years. Second, an attempt is made to define the concept of a green port and environmental regulations that concern both international provisions, such as Annex VI MARPOL 73/78, and European ones, are listed.
Thereafter, both the characteristics of some renewable energy sources and the benefits they offer to the port industry, are described. After realizing what each of these sources can offer individually, it is presented how various ports have proceeded to exploit them, in order to produce the required energy to carry out their own activities.
After the presentation of the current situation in terms of the promotion of 'green' European ports, is presented also the promotion of additional methods that the ports can follow to reduce the emissions of atmospheric pollutants. Specifically, the technology of cold ironing is presented, as well as the utilization of green hydrogen, which, among other things, can be produced from renewable energy sources, making the energy transition to a sustainable environment more smooth. The fourth chapter ends with the presentation of some 'green' practices from the three largest European ports.
In conjunction with the current environmental situation in Europe's ports and the corresponding practices, the port of Piraeus is taken as a case study and various proposals are made regarding how it can become 'green'.
The present essay is completed with the presentation of the conclusions and examines whether, based on the methodology followed, the European ports can be characterized as green by mainly utilizing renewable energy sources and what actions they can take to achieve the above goal.