Η ευρωπαϊκή πράξη για την ελευθερία των μέσων ενημέρωσης και η ελευθερία του τύπου στην ψηφιακή εποχή
The european media freedom act and press freedom in the digital age

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Keywords
Ελευθερία μέσων ενημέρωσης ; Δημοκρατία ; Ψηφιακός τύπος ; Άρθρο 114 ΣΛΕΕ ; Κανονισμός (ΕΕ) 2024/1083Abstract
The freedom and independence of the media are a fundamental pillar of democracy and the rule of law both in the European Union and globally, while at the same time they are a prerequisite for defending the right to freedom of expression and information. The present master’s thesis examines the European Media Freedom Act – Regulation (EU) 2024/1083, as the European Union’s legislative response to the increasing challenges and pressures faced by media service providers today, focusing on the state of press freedom in the modern digital environment.
The thesis initially analyzes the legal protection of freedom of expression and press freedom at the EU, international and national level, with an emphasis on the new forms of expression and information in the digital environment and the complex legal issues that arise. It further presents the contemporary challenges to press freedom, mainly within the EU context, focusing on threats to the safety and independence of journalists and media - ranging from physical threats, attacks and abusive lawsuits to new digital forms of repression such as surveillance practices, content moderation and censorship by online platforms, disinformation and the role of artificial intelligence in the production and dissemination of news. Subsequently, the paper presents the stakes and regulatory objectives, as well as the key provisions of the European Media Freedom Act, aiming to evaluate the legislative instrument.
Finally, the thesis attempts to assess the overall impact of the European Media Freedom Act on the safeguarding and promotion of press freedom, concluding that the Act represents a historic step towards enhancing media transparency and independence, although its effectiveness will ultimately depend on its practical implementation in each member state. This evaluation is situated within the broader framework of the EU’s policy efforts to strengthen democracy, the rule of law and the protection of fundamental rights, as well as to establish a safe and pluralistic digital media environment within the Union.