Πλατφόρμα υπολογισμού και ανάλυσης κόστους στις οδικές εμπορευματικές μεταφορές
Platform for cost calculation and analysis in road freight transport
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Keywords
Οδικές εμπορευματικές μεταφορές ; Βιώσιμες μεταφορές ; Υπολογιστικό μοντέλο ανάλυσης κόστους ; Διαχείριση εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδαςAbstract
This thesis focuses on the development and implementation of a computational model for cost analysis and calculation in road freight transport. The primary objective of this research is to create a comprehensive tool that enables accurate quantification of transportation costs, taking into account both fixed and variable parameters, as well as the specific conditions of each route. The methodology employed includes an extensive literature review to understand the key cost factors, development of the model in Microsoft Excel environment, and its application to five different transportation scenarios using real market data. The proposed model incorporates parameters such as fuel costs, tolls, vehicle maintenance, driver wages, depreciation, and owner costs. The data analysis categorizes costs into three main groups: variable costs, fixed costs, and owner costs, allowing for a detailed understanding of the total cost structure. The model's functionality enables users to input specific route parameters and obtain detailed cost breakdowns per kilometer, making it particularly valuable for pricing strategies and operational planning. The research results demonstrate the significant contribution of factors such as distance, vehicle type, and market conditions to the formation of total cost. Additionally, statistical data on the basic cost elements of road freight transport in Europe are analyzed, revealing substantial variations across different countries and regions. The thesis also explores cost saving methods for transport companies, including eco-driving techniques, the use of environmentally friendly vehicles, and the implementation of electronic toll systems. Environmental factors affecting costs are examined, such as noise reduction, traffic congestion management, and carbon dioxide emission reduction. The significance of this research lies in providing a practical tool for businesses in the sector, enabling effective planning and strategic decision-making, enhancing their sustainability and competitiveness in a constantly changing economic and environmental context.