Η θαλάσσια ρύπανση ως καλυπτόμενος κίνδυνος στην θαλάσσια ασφάλιση

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Keywords
Θαλάσσια ρύπανση ; Θαλάσσια ασφάλιση ; Σημαντικά ατυχήματα ; Πλοίο ; Ασφαλιστικός κίνδυνος ; International Maritime Organization ; IMO ; Ευρωπαϊκή ΕπιτροπήAbstract
The present dissertation deals with the issue of marine pollution as an underwritten risk in marine insurance. The issue of marine pollution is timeless, with awareness both in an institutional and business context, on the part of insurance and shipping companies, States and authorities, intensified in recent years.
The purpose of the dissertation is to examine marine pollution in detail and to comment on the evolution of national and international legislation regarding both measures to avoid marine pollution and the way in which it is underwritten by marine insurance.
The research questions that are attempted to be answered are: a) what is defined as marine pollution; b) what are the sources of marine pollution caused by marine operations; c) how marine pollution is underwritten by insurance companies and similar formal bodies; d) how the coverage of civil liability for marine pollution evolved; e) what accidents – lessons led to the revision of the legal framework governing marine pollution and its coverage by marine insurance.
In order to achieve the study’s completion, the focus was on important keywords such as: "marine pollution", "marine insurance", "compensation due to marine ship accident", "Greek maritime law", "international maritime law", "major accidents caused by a ship", "oil spill due to marine ship accident", "marine pollution as an insurance risk", etc., in both Greek and English databases, with emphasis on official websites (IMO, United Nations, European Commission) as well as on Google Scholar, europa.eu., and EUR-Lex.
The main conclusion driven is that although shipowners have learned a lot from the serious accidents that have happened from time to time, and Europe has responded by creating and amending many conventions, treaties and laws, there is still room for further improvements and tightening of legislation. For this reason, prevention is considered the best strategy to deal with marine pollution, as well as the proper maintenance of ships and the existence of more stringent cargo transport policies.