Πηγές χρηματοδότησης εκπαιδευτικού συστήματος στην Ελλάδα, συγκριτική μελέτη με άλλες ευρωπαϊκές χώρες και διερεύνηση απορρόφησης ΕΣΠΑ
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Keywords
Εκπαίδευση ; Οργανωτικά μοντέλα ; Εκπαιδευτικά μοντέλα ; Εκπαιδευτικά συστήματα ; Μέθοδοι χρηματοδότησης ; Πηγές δημόσιας χρηματοδότησης ; ΕΣΠΑAbstract
The main focus of this academic report is the concept of finance within the education sector. The importance and dynamics of education have been greatly noted in the bibliography in addition to the organizational models of the educational systems. In terms of Europe, these models vary within each country and concern the education structure, the allocation of a common core curriculum and the differentiated lower secondary education. Greece follows the educational model of a common core curriculum, like many other countries of western and southern Europe. In regards to the financing of school units in the EU, and based on statistics, it was found that a big variation occurs between member states regarding the manner of transferring resources. Even so, in most countries of the EU exists an algorithm, based on which the resources to be transferred to a school unit are calculated. The algorithm is based on the student number attending the unit, or/and the number of teaching staff serving in it. Often – excluding Greece – additional criteria are taken into consideration to configure the algorithm such as the characteristics of the school unit along with the type of students who attend it. In our country public funding of the primary and secondary education levels is implemented through the regular budget of the Ministry of Education, the Public Investment program and the amounts of the Central Autonomous Resources of Local Government Organizations. In higher education, funding is done through input, process and output financing. Education expenses, differ significantly amongst EU countries, with Greece having a low ranking (4.1% of GDP), which is well below the EU average (4.8 % of GDP). Concluding this report, it is pointed out that the utilization of the NSRF as a means of financing the education system emerges beneficial. However, the needs of our education system remain great, making it imperative to focus on the question of financing, with the aim of a sustainable, quality education for all children and young people.