Ο γραμματισμός στα μέσα επικοινωνίας ως απαραίτητο στοιχείο για την πλήρη ανάπτυξη της ιδιότητας του ενεργού Ευρωπαίου πολίτη
Media literacy as an essential element for the full development of an active European citizenship

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Keywords
Γραμματισμός στα μέσα επικοινωνίας ; Παιδεία στα μέσα επικοινωνίας ; Πολιτικές ; Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση ; Ενεργός πολίτης ; Media literacy ; Media education ; Policies ; European Union ; Active citizenshipAbstract
This paper attempts to record European policies regarding media literacy which contribute to active citizenship. Reference is made to resolutions, communications, declarations, directives, amendments, research projects, working groups and conferences on behalf of the European Union in the field. Moreover the meaning of citizenship and active citizenship is clarified according to which citizens take an active and responsible part in the public sphere contributing to the coherence of the society. On the other hand, having given the concept of media literacy, which is the ability to access, analyze, evaluate and produce in a variety of forms - print and electronic -, its connection with active citizenship, is presented. The critical evaluation of information and research skills that media literacy involves, empower citizens and enable them to exercise an active role in a participatory democracy. Additionally it is made clear the important role of media education in creating active citizens, since it teaches students at a very early age not to accept information without critical thinking, and to set basic questions in order to reveal its motives, purpose and validity. The media education encourages exposure to a variety of different points of view which results in the cultivation of appreciation and tolerance of “the different”, necessary elements in a democratic society.
Also studies are presented showing the media literacy levels among the Member States and a comparison between Greece and Finland on the field is presented. The paper concludes by presenting proposals for strengthening media literacy level both at the EU and nationally.