Ασφάλιση καταθέσεων και τραπεζικές κρίσεις

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Keywords
Ασφάλιση καταθέσεων ; Χρηματοδότηση ; Τραπεζικοί κίνδυνοι ; Τραπεζική σταθερότητα ; Οικονομικές κρίσειςAbstract
Banks have become an integral part of the economy in all countries around the world. The possibility of a bank failure has a negative impact on the society and may lead not only to the collapse of the banks, but in a general economic turmoil.
To prevent such situations, as well as to address them in case they occur, a number of measures have been adopted by each country around the world. One of these is the system of deposit insurance, which firstly takes care of protecting the rights of depositors and secondly enhances the financial stability.
Deposit insurance scheme can, therefore, in the short run contribute positively to banking stability by creating an environment of confidence to the depositors. However, the excessive offer of deposit insurance may lead to undertaking a high-risk in the long run and therefore increase the chances of unsettling the banking stability. Moreover, deposit insurance creates moral hazard, especially if coverage is unlimited, which may lead to a banking crisis.
The recent global financial crisis of 2008 tested the effectiveness of the deposit insurance scheme and led to several changes in its structure. It was observed that banking supervision and the regulatory framework are of paramount importance, as may promote appropriate incentives to ensure systemic stability.